Hi Metrick
This is where it gets tricky but interesting.
In South Africa you can use both the British Imperial and metric system. There are many products in SA that are imported from the USA so I assume that the US customary system of measurement also applies in some instances but this will even be less relevant in SA than the British Imperial system. There is a slight difference in the British Imperial system as opposed to the US customary system of measurement and in a country that is predominantly using the Metric system like SA does, there can be a lot of confusion if you don't know your stuff.
In SA the 3 different systems and their relevant order of prevalence of use would probably look something like this.
Metric system usage (95+%)
British Imperial system (4+%)
US customary system of measurement (less than 0.5%)
Other (who knows)
Anyways, to answer your question, in most cases in SA almost all O-ring measurements are quoted using the Metric system, and by means of quoting the diameter of the cord material followed by the inside diameter of the ring itself, followed by the shore hardness of the material if applicable.
Example 1. 2X20 = 2mm x 20mm; (outside diameter would be 24mm)
Example 2. 2X20VF (Viton seal with shore hardness of 80)
We also have o-ring cord and glue available which you can purchase loosely per per length and cut you own size O-ring and glue the ends together to make your own size O-ring.
Having said this, coupled with the fact that South Africa imports most of its machinery etc. from more advanced countries capable of producing complex equipment, you will find that almost everything is available in South Africa in terms of standard maintenance requirements which includes bearing, Oil seals, O-rings etc. Critical machine spares are once again imported due to their complexity.
So essentially in the case of South Africa, the quote of "necessity is the mother of all inventions" applies as long as it's simple like O-rings and the like.
Here is the US, both SAE (inch) and metric size o-rings are readily available in every conceivable material, but I would think that pretty much any place else in the world that metric size O-rings are going to be the most, if not the only size O-rings you can buy, and if you compare SAE and metric O-ring sizes after converting metric O-ring dimensions into decimal, you will find that there no sizes in either class that can be interchanged in most applications.
SAE size O-rings are also have what is called a dash number, which starts -001 and goes up to -475, and the dash number refers to the ID, OD and width of the O-ring, but here in the U.S, metric class O-rings are just called out by their dimensions and have no industry standard dash number designation. So how are the O-rings sold in South Africa just called out by their actual size in millimeters, or do they have a similar designation system like the SAE dash number.