Audubon, Texas
Wise County
N 33.39056
W 097.61549
Elevation: 984’
North of intersections CR 2585 and 2675, near Alvord
Sometimes just the name of a town –existing or vanished- stirs the curiosity bucket of questions and you’re drawn to its location like a magnet. Why would someone name a town after a naturalist? I may never know why. If the pastoral scenes around me offered any explanations, I can see why one would.
Pioneers from the southern states immigrated to the Texas frontier, stopping here and there for a night, a day, maybe weeks. Many decided to settle on land that they particularly liked as they migrated west. Some settled in places were they ran out of supplies or energy. Others followed friends or relatives from their homes in the east. The grasslands area in central north Texas struck a chord in many travelers and there they chose to plant their own roots.
Dradon and Polly Shirey, both from South Carolina, decided to stake their claim on 160 acres of the grasslands in the early 1850’s. When they arrived the undulating plains were lush with waist high native grasses and timber growing in sandy soil. Plentiful springs were scattered nearby feeding creeks and streams. Other pioneers drifted in settling nearby. Around 1865 Shirey dedicated eleven acres of his northeast corner to a town site, dividing it into one-acre blocks.
The Shireys are well remembered even now; Mrs. Shirey is often referred to ‘Aunt Polly’ in many of the historical accounts and remembrances. Their log home was the first in that area, later enlarged to serve as the hotel and stage coach stop.
They named the town ‘Audubon’ in memory of the naturalist, James J. Audubon, who died in his home on the Hudson River in 1851. Audubon’s travels included only a small area along the Galveston Bay in 1837. His fame as a painter and chronicler of bird life was not as wide spread then as it is now. He must have left an impression on those who nominated the town with his name, which indicates some of the settlers were well educated.
Settlers built log homes and planted the sandy soil with corn and cotton. Before and during the Civil War men moved their families to a fort on Sandy Creek for protection from Indian raids. When land in this area of Texas was opened for filing claims in 1874, settlers moved in like army ants to stake new beginnings.
“Uncle Clabe [Claburn White] made Aunt Mandy [Mrs. C White] to go out on their place and sit on a stump for about two hours one day so he could say in Decatur that she was on the land while he made a request to file on the 160 acres. She sat out there and knitted from 12 o’clock until 2 o’clock so he would not have to swear a lie in Decatur, as they had not yet built a log cabin.” -Remembrances from Pearl Bilbrey of Audubon.
The peak of population in Audubon was in 1880: two cotton gins, two blacksmith shops, three churches, two lodges (Woodmen of the World and Masonic Lodge). The Chisolm Trail was a few miles east of Audubon, where supplies for forts and surrounding growing communities were hauled in wagons. Because transportation from the main trails were by oxen team and slow, families were mostly self-sufficient and self-sustaining producing nearly all their own food and furnishings. A friendly and close-knit cooperation always prevailed in such communities where neighbors banded together for building houses, planting and harvesting crops and social gatherings.
“We had chickens, a garden and meat. We dried peaches and beans for the winter. Later it was canned in glass jars. In the early days, the only preserving was drying. After the first norther in the fall we killed hogs. We always looked forward to fresh pork. We salted and smoked the hams and middlings, and they would last until late in the following summer. Many families would form ‘butcher clubs’. Each member would butcher a calf every few weeks. This way, fresh meat would be used.” – from account by early Audubon citizen.
The demise of the town began in 1888 when the cotton crop was wiped out by a boll weevil infestation. Farmers then planted peanuts for a cash crop. Poor land conservation practices -over grazing and over cropping- caused soil erosion by water and wind. Fertility decreased and the land just gave out. You can’t continue taking and not give anything back in return. Farmers began to leave.
In 1883 the railroad bypassed Audubon and went through Alvord. Businesses and people moved away and the Masonic Lodge was moved to Alvord in 1886. The post office closed in 1904 and the school likewise in the early 1930’s. In 1937 much of the surrounding land was purchased by the federal government and reclaimed by redseeding and building dams to reduce erosion. It was incorporated into what was then known as The Panhandle National Grasslands.
The town –its stores, mills, schools- are all gone now. The town has reverted back to Nature.
This Texas Historical marker is located where once was the main street in Audubon. Another sign marks the former location of the school.
“After leaving school, I made frequent trips to the little village with my father. I can still see the blacksmith shop, which always fascinated me, and the little store across the street from the blacksmith shop, and the old clay road leading to the ‘business district’." – Recollections around 1903 by Lucille Conley
One lone Audubon institution remains: the Bethel association. The Bethel Baptist Church still serves the surrounding community. The current building is the fourth to serve as the church. The first was a small log building, which was also used for the school. The second, erected in 1900, was destroyed in a windstorm in 1933. The third building was one moved from the Rush Creek community in 1917. That building burned in 1969 and was replaced with the current one just yards from the historical marker on the hill, serving the small number of farmers in the area where they still grow and share fruits and vegetables, make home-made ice cream with peaches from the trees, and make grape juice to serve at picnics under the arbors.
The land changes, people change, but some things still remain the same.
Wise County
N 33.39056
W 097.61549
Elevation: 984’
North of intersections CR 2585 and 2675, near Alvord
Sometimes just the name of a town –existing or vanished- stirs the curiosity bucket of questions and you’re drawn to its location like a magnet. Why would someone name a town after a naturalist? I may never know why. If the pastoral scenes around me offered any explanations, I can see why one would.
Pioneers from the southern states immigrated to the Texas frontier, stopping here and there for a night, a day, maybe weeks. Many decided to settle on land that they particularly liked as they migrated west. Some settled in places were they ran out of supplies or energy. Others followed friends or relatives from their homes in the east. The grasslands area in central north Texas struck a chord in many travelers and there they chose to plant their own roots.
Dradon and Polly Shirey, both from South Carolina, decided to stake their claim on 160 acres of the grasslands in the early 1850’s. When they arrived the undulating plains were lush with waist high native grasses and timber growing in sandy soil. Plentiful springs were scattered nearby feeding creeks and streams. Other pioneers drifted in settling nearby. Around 1865 Shirey dedicated eleven acres of his northeast corner to a town site, dividing it into one-acre blocks.
The Shireys are well remembered even now; Mrs. Shirey is often referred to ‘Aunt Polly’ in many of the historical accounts and remembrances. Their log home was the first in that area, later enlarged to serve as the hotel and stage coach stop.
They named the town ‘Audubon’ in memory of the naturalist, James J. Audubon, who died in his home on the Hudson River in 1851. Audubon’s travels included only a small area along the Galveston Bay in 1837. His fame as a painter and chronicler of bird life was not as wide spread then as it is now. He must have left an impression on those who nominated the town with his name, which indicates some of the settlers were well educated.
Settlers built log homes and planted the sandy soil with corn and cotton. Before and during the Civil War men moved their families to a fort on Sandy Creek for protection from Indian raids. When land in this area of Texas was opened for filing claims in 1874, settlers moved in like army ants to stake new beginnings.
“Uncle Clabe [Claburn White] made Aunt Mandy [Mrs. C White] to go out on their place and sit on a stump for about two hours one day so he could say in Decatur that she was on the land while he made a request to file on the 160 acres. She sat out there and knitted from 12 o’clock until 2 o’clock so he would not have to swear a lie in Decatur, as they had not yet built a log cabin.” -Remembrances from Pearl Bilbrey of Audubon.
The peak of population in Audubon was in 1880: two cotton gins, two blacksmith shops, three churches, two lodges (Woodmen of the World and Masonic Lodge). The Chisolm Trail was a few miles east of Audubon, where supplies for forts and surrounding growing communities were hauled in wagons. Because transportation from the main trails were by oxen team and slow, families were mostly self-sufficient and self-sustaining producing nearly all their own food and furnishings. A friendly and close-knit cooperation always prevailed in such communities where neighbors banded together for building houses, planting and harvesting crops and social gatherings.
“We had chickens, a garden and meat. We dried peaches and beans for the winter. Later it was canned in glass jars. In the early days, the only preserving was drying. After the first norther in the fall we killed hogs. We always looked forward to fresh pork. We salted and smoked the hams and middlings, and they would last until late in the following summer. Many families would form ‘butcher clubs’. Each member would butcher a calf every few weeks. This way, fresh meat would be used.” – from account by early Audubon citizen.
The demise of the town began in 1888 when the cotton crop was wiped out by a boll weevil infestation. Farmers then planted peanuts for a cash crop. Poor land conservation practices -over grazing and over cropping- caused soil erosion by water and wind. Fertility decreased and the land just gave out. You can’t continue taking and not give anything back in return. Farmers began to leave.
In 1883 the railroad bypassed Audubon and went through Alvord. Businesses and people moved away and the Masonic Lodge was moved to Alvord in 1886. The post office closed in 1904 and the school likewise in the early 1930’s. In 1937 much of the surrounding land was purchased by the federal government and reclaimed by redseeding and building dams to reduce erosion. It was incorporated into what was then known as The Panhandle National Grasslands.
This Texas Historical marker is located where once was the main street in Audubon. Another sign marks the former location of the school.
“After leaving school, I made frequent trips to the little village with my father. I can still see the blacksmith shop, which always fascinated me, and the little store across the street from the blacksmith shop, and the old clay road leading to the ‘business district’." – Recollections around 1903 by Lucille Conley
One lone Audubon institution remains: the Bethel association. The Bethel Baptist Church still serves the surrounding community. The current building is the fourth to serve as the church. The first was a small log building, which was also used for the school. The second, erected in 1900, was destroyed in a windstorm in 1933. The third building was one moved from the Rush Creek community in 1917. That building burned in 1969 and was replaced with the current one just yards from the historical marker on the hill, serving the small number of farmers in the area where they still grow and share fruits and vegetables, make home-made ice cream with peaches from the trees, and make grape juice to serve at picnics under the arbors.
The land changes, people change, but some things still remain the same.