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That was certainly true with automobile manufacturing. The very first gas scare in '73 put in motion a US trend that has continued to grow - smaller, more efficient cars. The Beetle, the Datsun 510, the BMW 2002, and the Toyota Corona revolutionized how America saw cars. Over time, the Japanese and Europeans got very good at building compact but roomy small-engined cars, while tailoring them to American tastes. Detroit brought us junk like Pintos and Vegas - underpowered, cramped, poorly built - their main strong suit was that you didn't have to dispose of them because they obligingly caught on fire and consumed themselves.
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Actually, the European and Japanese manufacturers got no better at tailoring to American tastes. The Pinto and Vega were introduced in 1971 as 1972 models, before the crisis. European makers shared a variety of quality levels, just as they do now. Some good, some bad, some getting better, some getting worse. Volkswagen Type 1 was the best all around of all the compact and subcompact cars. After all, it is the longest running single automotive platform in constant production in world history, about 65 years if memory serves. More Type 1s were built than any other single automotive platform, ever. They were no poorer quality than the oriental crap at the time, better quality than most anything built in the U. S. of A.
1950s, Statistical Process Control (SPC), invented and developed in the U. S. of A. between 1924 and the American military occupation of Japan, was introduced to the Japanese since American manufacturers had good profit margins and really didn't care about quality. It took a while, but eventually the Japanese smeared just about all their industries with SPC as a means of reducing material usage by limiting quality problems (Japan is a natural resource challenged nation), and SPC deserves the credit for the improvements in Japanese products ever since. The more complex a product, the longer it took SPC to build quality. SPC is the only reason for the improvement in quality of Japanese motorcycles in the '60s, automobiles in the '70s. It is still common practice in Japan. It works.
The 1973 gas crisis led to American automaker bailout laws on limits on the quantities of imports each foreign entity could sell in the U. S. of A. Since no small cars would be sitting on dealers' lots, dealers started fitting every high-dollar option they could get away with, factory or dealer installed. If you could only sell 50 cars a year, would you prefer to average $300 profit or $3000 on each? Think about it.
Americans were pretty stupid about fuel efficiency claims, too. One or two year-old luxobarges were selling for 1/3 the price of new subcompacts. It was almost impossible to buy a used subcompact, but if you could, it probably cost more used than it did new. The $4000 difference in costs to purchase was good for 48,000 miles in a luxobarge, 80,000 miles in a subcompact.
Junkyards were full of luxobarges and dealers had shelves covered in parts--some imports had to have oil filters special ordered. A rebuilt Quadrajet cost about $90, a replacement Japanese carb cost about $300. Maintenance and repairs on small cars cost 4-5 times as much as similar work on luxobarges. Body parts were similarly rare and overpriced. Oil and filter changes 4 times a year cost $60 for luxobarges, and some subcompacts the oil filters alone cost that much. Toss in an annual air filter, PCV valve, fast wearing mini tires, and spark plugs, and maintenance costs ate a forth of the 32,000 mile fuels savings. That's if nothing needed repaired. A couple repairs, clutches and brakes were notoriously failures on subcompacts back then, and your fuel savings are gone, if you could get the parts to repair the car and be driving in less than 3 months.
Therefore, full coverage insurance on small cars cost 4-5 times what full coverage insurance cost for a luxobarge. Most people didn't full coverage luxobarges. They were cheap, nobody stole them, and parts were easy to get, subcompacts were completely opposite.
For most people the difference in maintenance, repairs, and insurance costs more than made up for the increased cost of fuel of luxobarges. So, for the same money, most people could drive a luxobarge or a subcompact for 4 years, take your pick. Then the subcompact would be a worn out rustbucket and the luxobarge would be happy to go another 4 or 8 years.
The small car craze was all about fitting in, there really was no money to be saved when they first hit the U. S. of A. market.
Of course, by the late '70s, Japanese expertise with SPC changed everything. The rest of your post is spot on.