Active noise canceling and large amplitude shut-off are two very different technologies. The ear plugs you wear at the shooting range are rather simple devices that have basically a microphone that listens to the ambient noise and replicate it on earphones that play into the listener's ears. Upon sensing a large amplitude sound (e.g. gun shot) that exceeds a fixed dB threshold, it will momentarily silence the earphones. That's it.
Active noise canceling is a lot trickier. High speed DSP's are used to analyze the noise coming into the earplug and the system attempts to output a waveform of equal amplitude but opposite phase, hopefully summing with the actual noise to produce zero, or near zero, amplitude at the listener's ears. This works best for mechanical noise produced by cyclic devices, such as an engine, as the induced vibrations are generally harmonics (multiples) of the engine RPM. That sort of regular noise is much easier for the DSP to decipher and react to. Also, lower frequency noise are also easier to deal with, mostly because it is generally non-directional and the phase differences are wide enough for the canceling to work well. So things like road noise produced by tire contact with road surface fall into this category.
OTOH, higher and shifting frequency noise (e.g. wind whistling) are more difficult to cancel out.
I know rider friends who have tried noise canceling earphones have reported mixed reviews. Sometimes, they work quite well; other times they produce side effects like a thumping beat, which end up being more annoying than the actual road/wind noise themselves. Some supposedly work better than others, but none are effective 100% of the time.
For myself, I have a set that I bring on commercial flights and they work exceptionally well in that environment. For riding, I still much prefer good old foam earplugs.
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